THERE are hundreds of different kinds of structural steel, used for a variety of purposes. Steel products come in a huge range of shapes and sizes, with specific forms suitable for construction, manufacturing, and architectural design. One of the most popular and diverse structural steel products is the hollow structural section (HSS) — but what are hollow structural sections? In this article, we tackle the purpose, uses, and types of HSS in the Philippine industry.
What is a Hollow Structural Section?
Hollow structural sections (HSS) are a type of metal profile. They are commonly made from cold-rolled steel and formed into a hollow, tubular section. This profile creates a gaping unfilled edge that extends throughout the whole steel bar, which is what gives them the alternative names of “box section” and “hollow section.” The use of HSS has grown substantially because its form, flexibility, and structural strength lends itself well to innovative designs.
Purpose of Hollow Structural Sections
HSS are some of the most versatile and efficient steel products available for building, fabrication, and mechanical purposes.
They are highly usable in multiple industries and applications. The most common use of HSS are in welded steel frames and columns. They are also regularly used in steel support beams. This is due to their immense strength.
Other common uses for hollow structural steel include Scaffolding; Fencing and guardrails; Platforms and decking; Bridges; Staircases; Gates; Trusses; Hydraulic platforms; Storage facilities and storage solutions; Cranes and other heavy machinery; Furniture and architectural designs.
Hollow structural sections are sometimes the preferred material in buildings with exposed structural supports. This is because their clean lines, flat surfaces, and smooth finish give them aesthetic appeal. They are considered pleasing to the eye and give a simplistic modern look.
Types of Hollow Structural Sections
Hollow structural sections typically come in three main forms: rectangular hollow sections (RHS), square hollow sections (SHS) and circular hollow sections (CHS). Each type of hollow section has its benefits, properties, and purposes.
RHS is also commonly used for building, mechanical, and structural purposes. However, they differ from CHS with their flat surfaces. As a result, RHS may be the more structurally sound and economical choice for some construction applications.
RHS can also be used for architectural aesthetics due to its sleek form and clean shape.
SHS is considered the middle-man between RHS and CHS in terms of mechanical properties, aesthetics, and structural behavior. They feature a flat surface that requires little to no edge preparation and is ideal for joining and welding.
The circular hollow sections (CHS) were the first type of hollow structural section ever made. CHS is commonly used for building, mechanical, and structural purposes. They have clean and consistent lines, enhanced smoothness, and a lack of sharp or protruding edges.
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